Crack Direction Effects along Copper/sapphire Interfaces
نویسنده
چکیده
-The Rice-Thomson model is used to predict the directional toughness of a copper/sapphire interface, consisting of a {221 } face of a copper crystal bonded to a basal sapphire surface. Specimens of this type are subsequently tested, in the form of a layered beam (having two opposing cracking directions) subject to four-point bending and confirm the theoretical predictions. A general observation is that the ductile or brittle response of a crack on a metal/ceramic interface is strongly dependent on the relative orientation of available slip planes to the existing crack plane and growth direction. This conclusion is consistent with earlier results by Wang and Anderson on symmetric tilt grain boundaries in copper and explains, for example, why brittle cracking occurs in the [11"2[} direction along the {221} interface of a tensile-loaded copper bicrystal, but along the opposite [1.14] direction in bending-loaded copper/sapphire specimens with mixed mode conditions at the crack tips. ROsum~-On utilise le modrle de Rice et Thomson pour prrvoir la trnacit6 directionnelle d'une interface cuivre/saphir, formre d'une face {221 } d'un cristal de cuivre lire au plan basal du saphir. Des 6chantillons de ce type sont donc testrs; ils ont la forme d'une poutre constiture de couches (ayant deux directions de fissuration opposres) soumise 5̀ une fexion sur quatre points et les rrsultats confirment les prrvisions tbeoriques. D'une manirre grn/~rale, la rrponse ductile ou fragile d'une fissure sur une interface mrtal/crramique drpend fortement de l'orientation relative des plans de glissement disponibles par rapport au plan de la fissure existante et 5. sa direction de croissance. Cette conclusion est en accord avec les prrcrdents rrsultats de Wang et Anderson sur les joints de flexion sym&riques dans le cuivre et explique, par exemple, pourquoi la fissuration fragile se produit dans la direction [11"~1] le long de l'interface {221} d'un bicristal de cuivre charge en traction, et dans la direction opposre [1"14] dans des 6chantillons de cuivre/saphir chargrs en flexion avec des conditions de mode mixte aux extrrmitrs des fissures. Zusammenfassung--Mit dem Rice-Thomson-Modell wird die Z/ihigkeit einer Kupfer-Saphir-Grenzfl/iche, die aus einer {221 }-Kupferfl/iche und der Saphir-Basisebene besteht, vorausgesagt. Proben in der Form eines geschichteten Balkens, die zwei gegenfiberliegende RiBrichtungen aufweisen, werden im Vierpunktbiegeversuch belastet; die Ergebnisse best/itigen die theoretischen Voraussagen. Eine allgemeine Beobachtung ist, dab das duktile oder spr6de Verhalten eines Risses an einer Metall/Keramik-Grenzfl/icbe sehr stark yon der relativen Orientierung der verfiigbaren Gleitsysteme beziiglich der bestehenden RiBebene und der Ausbreitungsrichtung des Risses abh/ingt. Diese Folgerung ist mit frfiheren Ergebnissen yon Wang und Anderson zu symmetriscben Kippkorngrenzen in Kupfer vertr~iglich und erkl/irt zum Beispiel, warum sprfde Risse in der [1T2l]-Richtung entlang der {221 }-Grenzfl~iche in einem zugbelasteten Kupfer-Bikristall auftreten, aber entlang der entgegengesetzten Richtung [1"14] in biegebelasteten Kupfer-Saphir-Proben unter Bedingungen einer gemischten Mode an den RiBspitzen.
منابع مشابه
Dislocation Nucleation at Metal-ceramic Interfaces
Ab~act-The ductile vs brittle behaviour of metal-ceramic interfaces is discussed within an atomistic framework, in which the mechanical response of an interfucial crack is assumed to be ultimately controlled by the competition between atomic decohesion and dislocation nucleation ahead of the crack tip. As in later versions of the Rice-Thomson model, this competition may be evaluated in terms of...
متن کاملEffects of Crystal Orientation on the Crack Propagation of Sapphire by Sequential Indentation Testing
Single-crystal sapphire (α-Al2O3) is a hard and brittle material. Due to its highly crystalline nature, the fracture behavior of sapphire is strongly related to its crystal structure, and understanding the effects of crystal structure on the crack propagation of sapphire is essential for the successful application of this important material (e.g., as wafers in the electronics industry). In the ...
متن کاملOn the physics of moisture-induced cracking in metal-glass „copper-silica... interfaces
Environmentally dependent subcritical crack growth, or stress-corrosion cracking, along ceramic-metal interfaces is studied for the silica glass-copper system. Tests were conducted in various gaseous and liquid environments in order to determine their relative effects on stress-corrosion cracking and to gain some insight into the mechanisms that control interfacial crack growth. In agreement wi...
متن کاملFracture analysis in the conventional theory of mechanism-based strain gradient (CMSG) plasticity
In a remarkable series of experiments, Elssner et al. (1994) and Korn et al. (2002) observed cleavage cracking along a bimaterial interface between Nb and sapphire. The stress required for cleavage cracking is around the theoretical strength of the material. Classical plasticity models fall short to reach such a high stress level. We use the conventional theory of mechanism-based strain gradien...
متن کاملCyclic fatigue-crack propagation in sapphire in air and simulated physiological environments.
Single-crystal aluminas are being considered for use in the manufacture of prosthetic heart valves. To characterize such materials for biomedical application, subcritical crack growth by stress corrosion (static fatigue) and by cyclic fatigue has been examined in sapphire along (1100) planes in 24 degrees C humid air and 37 degrees C Ringer's solution (the latter as a simulated physiological en...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2002